Understanding Autism Symptoms in Adults

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is among the most common neurodevelopmental conditions that affect the way our brain processes information. In most cases, the condition is diagnosed in the first two years of a child’s growth. However, there are also cases where autistic adults didn’t get diagnosed during their childhood and in this article, we will be discussing this very aspect of autism and understand its symptoms. 

Common Signs and Symptoms of Autism in Adults 

Autism disorder is a spectrum, meaning it has a wide range of symptoms and signs. Communication problems and repetitive behaviours are some of the common symptoms of ASD, still, it manifests differently in each person. So, let’s understand the common signs and symptoms of autism in adults. 

Social Interaction and Communication Challenges 

As mentioned in the above section, social interaction and communication are the common signs of ASD, however, it manifests differently in every autistic individual. An autistic adult may find it difficult to understand figures of speech, sarcasm, facial expressions, gestures, etc., which makes conversations difficult for adults with ASD. 

Restrictive or Repetitive Behaviours 

Repetitive behaviours are also common symptoms of autism and are often called stimming. These behaviours may include but are not limited to hand flapping, pacing, rocking, humming, or even intense focus on specific topics or subjects. These individuals often prefer routines and become susceptible to distress if there’s any change in their routines. 

Specialised Interests and Activities 

Many autistic individuals are deeply fascinated by specific interests and mainly focus on those things. For example, someone with an interest in the arts may spend considerable time and energy learning the arts. However, this often limits the scope of their social engagement. 

Sensory Sensitivity in the Autism Spectrum 

Some autistic individuals are quite sensitive to certain sensations, which cause them severe undesirable reactions. Sensations could include loud noises, smells, tastes, textures, and bright lights. To avoid such discomfort, they often avoid crowded places, certain foods, specific types of clothing, etc. 

Autism Symptoms in Adult Females 

Males are indeed more susceptible to developing autism, however, it doesn’t mean females are immune to it. All the above-mentioned core symptoms can impact adult females with autism, but at the same time, they are also good at developing strategies to mask certain behaviours that welcome others’ attention. 

Diagnosis of Autism in Adults 

Most cases of autism are diagnosed during childhood, but recently more adults have come forward to seek and receive a diagnosis for ASD. Here are a few aspects of diagnosing adults with autism.  

Challenges in Adult Autism Diagnosis 

One of the main challenges of diagnosing autism in adults is that they may have milder symptoms, which make it more difficult to recognise ASD. Another major hurdle is that they have lived with ASD for some time now and may have developed skills to manage and mask it. There are a few other problems associated with adult diagnosing such as the limited number of qualified professionals, the cost of diagnosing, and stigma. 

Steps to Getting Diagnosed 

Currently, no technology can detect ASD (though there is ongoing research). Doctors still rely on behavioural observations and evaluations to diagnose it. In adults, it is especially difficult as they may have developed abilities to mask these behaviours. However, there are a few steps you can take to start your diagnosis.  

• Firstly, self-reflection, learn what are some of the common symptoms of ASD and check if you have any of those.  

• Secondly, consult your primary health expert as they can provide you with initial guidance.  

• Thirdly, find a qualified professional, ideally a mental health expert who is experienced in diagnosing ASD in adults. 

• Finally, a comprehensive evaluation that includes clinical interviews, assessments, gathering family medical history, and treatment options. 

Advantages of Having Autism 

Unlike the popular belief, people with autism possess many great abilities and advantages. Some of the advantages include:  

• Strong attention to detail 

• Unique problem-solving skills  

• Logical thinking ability  

• Deep focus 

• Strong memories  

• Deep passion 

• Very punctual  

• Honesty, and integrity 

When to Seek Professional Support? 

People with autism go through several situations every day and during their developmental stage these things may not have bothered them much or they may have developed coping strategies to counter these. However, if situations like daily struggles, social interactions, mental health concerns, feeling isolated, or even doubt of having autism, started bothering you then it is recommended to consult a professional healthcare expert. 

Treatment for Autism Spectrum in Adults 

It is a harsh reality that as of now there is no cure for autism. However, it doesn’t mean autism spectrum disorder can’t be treated or managed. Here are some of the effective treatments available for ASD in adults. 

Therapy 

There is a wide range of therapies available that can significantly benefit individuals with autism. These therapies are designed to address various aspects of development and functioning, helping to enhance skills and improve communication. Some of the key therapies include: 

• Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): This therapy focuses on teaching new skills and reinforcing positive behaviors, helping individuals improve communication and social skills. 

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This therapy helps individuals manage and change negative thought patterns and behaviors, reducing anxiety and improving emotional regulation. 

• Sensory Integration Therapy: This therapy addresses sensory processing issues, helping individuals better respond to sensory stimuli and improve their daily functioning. 

• Occupational Therapy (OT): This therapy focuses on developing fine motor skills, enhancing daily living activities, and increasing independence. 

• Social Skills Training: This therapy teaches individuals how to interact appropriately with others, improving their ability to form and maintain relationships. 

• Speech Therapy: This therapy aids in developing communication skills, both verbal and non-verbal, to enhance overall interaction and understanding. 

Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) 

VR is a publicly funded program to help people with a wide range of disabilities, including autism. As we know that people with autism go through various challenges and under this program, they receive support to overcome these challenges, it helps them develop skills in their interest, help them find jobs, educate them, and train them for their career. 

Peer support 

Peer support is an important aspect as it helps people with autism come together and support each other. People with autism often become part of misunderstanding and having someone who has experienced the same life promotes meaningful connection and a deeper sense of empathy which can counter isolation. It also helps them understand that they are not alone. 

Medication 

Medication is an integral part of any treatment, and it is the same with autism too. Autism often co-exists with mental health conditions like depression, sleep disorders, and anxiety, though a definite cure for autism is not available, medications can help manage various symptoms of autism and other mental health conditions.   

Tips for Living with Adult Autism 

Autism has its strengths that can help one overcome the weaknesses of autism. In this section, we will help you with some effective tips that you can implement and manage the challenges of autism. 

Improve communication and relationships 

Communication is one of the most impacted aspects of autism and to build a strong relationship, communication is important as both ends need to understand each other. Once diagnosed with autism, talk to your family and friends about it. This helps them understand why you have difficulties during conversations.

Manage anxiety and depression 

Anxiety and depression are common mental health conditions that co-exist with autism. Therefore, incorporate relaxing techniques like yoga, mindful meditation, and deep breathing. It is also important to keep yourself active and for that, you can engage in exercises, or in something that grabs your interest like swimming, walking, dancing, gardening, etc. 

Streamline daily activities for greater efficiency 

Many people with autism find comfort in routine, however, sometimes they focus too much on one aspect of their interest and other aspects of their life may remain disorganized. This may make one distressed, therefore, keeping track of your activities and preparing a day planner can help you maintain the routine and avoid unwanted discomfort. 

Empowering Adults with Autism to Thrive at Cadabams 

Autism is beautiful yet can present life’s challenges in many ways. These challenges can make someone stressed, but with proper care are support autism can be managed even in adulthood. So, if you are struggling with the challenges of autism or diagnosed with autism in your adulthood, then don’t worry, help is available.

With 30 years of experience in helping people with mental health problems including autism, Cadabam’s can be your guiding path. At our facilities, we offer state-of-the-art amenities with cutting-edge technology along with experienced professionals and staff to help you and your family navigate through the hurdles of autism.  

If you are searching for a solution to your problem, Cadabam’s Hospitals can help you with its team of specialized experts. We leverage evidence-based approaches and holistic treatment methods to help individuals effectively manage autism in adults. Get in touch with us today. You can call us at +91 97414 76476. You can even email us at info@cadabamshospitals.com. 

FAQs 

What is an autistic meltdown in adults? 

An autistic meltdown in adults is an intense response to overwhelming stimuli, characterised by loss of control, emotional outbursts, or shutdowns. It is not intentional but a reaction to sensory overload, stress, or frustration. Support and understanding from others can help manage these episodes. 

Is there a test for ASD in adults? 

Yes, there are tests for ASD in adults. These assessments typically involve questionnaires, interviews, and observations conducted by healthcare professionals. Diagnosis may include evaluating developmental history and current behaviour patterns to determine if they align with ASD characteristics.  

Can adults be autistic and not know it? 

Yes, adults can be autistic and not know it. Many individuals may not be diagnosed until adulthood due to milder symptoms or lack of awareness. Recognition of autistic traits in oneself often leads to seeking a professional diagnosis, which can provide clarity and access to appropriate support and resources. 

How does autism spectrum disorder appear in adults? 

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adults can manifest as difficulties in social interactions, communication challenges, repetitive behaviours, and intense focus on specific interests. Adults with ASD might also experience sensory sensitivities, struggle with changes in routine, and find it hard to understand social cues or body language.